Carrageenan | 9 000-07-1
Khoom Description
Carrageenan yog ib nrab refined zaub mov qib Kappa Karrageenan (E407a) muab rho tawm los ntawm Eucheuma cottonii seaweeds. Nws tsim cov thermoreversible gels ntawm txaus concentration thiab yog rhiab heev rau cov poov tshuaj ion uas zoo heev txhim kho nws cov gelling zog. Carrageenan ruaj khov nyob rau hauv alkali nruab nrab. Carrageenan yog ib tsev neeg ntawm cov carbohydrates uas tau muab rho tawm los ntawm cov seaweed liab .. Refined carrageenan feem ntau yog rov qab los ntawm kev daws los ntawm dej cawv los nag lossis dej poov tshuaj.
Semi-refined carrageenan yog ntxuav thiab alkali kho seaweed. Carrageenan tsis tau muab rho tawm ntawm seaweed tab sis tseem muaj nyob rau hauv lub cell phab ntsa matrix. Cov khoom lag luam carrageenan feem ntau yog tus qauv kom tau txais kev pom zoo gelling thiab thickening zog. Los ntawm kev siv cov khoom tsim nyog carrageenan, tus tsim qauv tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub ntawv xws li cov kua dej dawb mus rau cov khoom gels. Ntxiv rau kev muab cov qauv qauv, COLORCOM ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg siv khoom los tsim cov khoom tshiab thiab cov qauv tsim rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Carrageenans yog cov loj, hloov tau yooj yim molecules uas curl tsim helical qauv. Qhov no ua rau lawv muaj peev xwm tsim ntau yam gels sib txawv ntawm chav tsev kub. Lawv tau siv dav hauv cov khoom noj thiab lwm yam kev lag luam ua cov thickening thiab stabilizing cov neeg ua haujlwm. Ib qho txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb yog tias lawv yog pseudoplastic-lawv nyias nyob rau hauv kev nyuaj siab shear thiab rov qab lawv cov viscosity thaum qhov kev ntxhov siab raug tshem tawm. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv yooj yim rau cov twj tso kua mis, tab sis khov dua tom qab.
Tag nrho cov carrageenans yog cov polysaccharides siab molecular-yuag uas ua los ntawm cov galactose rov qab thiab 3,6 anhydrogalactose (3,6-AG), ob qho tib si sulfated thiab nonsulfated. Cov units tau koom nrog kev sib hloov alpha 1-3 thiab beta 1-4 glycosidic linkages.
Muaj peb hom kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm carrageenan:
Kappa tsim muaj zog, nruj gels nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm poov tshuaj ions; nws reacts nrog mis nyuj Proteins. Nws yog sourced mas los ntawm Kappaphycus alvarezii[3].Iota cov ntaub ntawv mos gels nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm calcium ions. Nws yog tsim los ntawm Eucheuma denticulatum.Lambda tsis gel, thiab yog siv los ua cov khoom siv mis nyuj khov. Qhov ntau tshaj plaws yog Gigartina los ntawm South America.Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau cov khoom ntawm kappa, iota, thiab lambda carrageenan yog tus naj npawb thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm ester sulfate pawg ntawm cov galactose rov ua dua. Cov qib siab dua ntawm ester sulfate txo qis qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov carrageenan thiab tsim cov gels qis zog, lossis pab txhawb rau gel inhibition (lambda carrageenan).
Ntau hom kab liab algal tsim ntau hom carrageenan thaum lawv cov keeb kwm kev loj hlob. Piv txwv li, cov genus Gigartina tsim cov kappa carrageenans feem ntau thaum nws theem gametophytic, thiab lambda carrageenans thaum nws theem sporophytic. Saib Alternation of generations.
Tag nrho cov yog soluble nyob rau hauv dej kub, tab sis, nyob rau hauv dej txias, tsuas yog lambda daim ntawv (thiab cov sodium ntsev ntawm ob) yog soluble.
Thaum siv rau hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus, carrageenan muaj EU additive E-number E407 lossis E407a thaum tam sim no "ua tiav eucheuma seaweed", thiab feem ntau yog siv los ua emulsifier.
Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm Scotland (qhov twg nws yog hu ua (An) Cairgean nyob rau hauv Scottish Gaelic) thiab Ireland (ntau yam siv yog Chondrus Crispus paub nyob rau hauv Irish Gaelic ntau yam li carraigín [me ntsis pob zeb], fiadháin [khoom qus], clúimhín cait [miv puff] , mathair an duilisg [niam ntawm seaweeds], ceann donn [liab taub hau]), nws yog hu ua Carrageen Moss nws yog boiled nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj thiab strained, ua ntej qab zib thiab lwm yam flavorings xws li vanilla, cinnamon, brandy, los yog whiskey ntxiv. Cov khoom kawg yog ib hom jelly zoo li pannacotta, tapioca, los yog blancmange.
Thaum iota carrageenan tau ua ke nrog sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL), cov nyhuv synergistic yog tsim, tso cai rau stabilizing thiab emulsifying tsis tau nrog lwm hom carrageenan (kappa / lambda) lossis nrog lwm cov emulsifiers (mono thiab diglycerides, thiab lwm yam). SSL ua ke nrog iota carrageenan, muaj peev xwm tsim emulsions nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si kub thiab txias siv cov zaub los yog tsiaj rog.
Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, carrageenan yog cov khoom xyaw hauv cov kua mis uas muag raws li lub npe ntawm Whole Foods.
Specification
| Yam khoom | STANDARD |
| Qhov tshwm sim | Lub teeb thiab dawb ntws hmoov |
| Poob rau ziab | max. ntawm 12% |
| PH | 8–11 |
| Gel Strength Dej gel (1.5%, 0.2kcl) | > 450g/cm2 |
| As | max. ntawm 1 mg / kg |
| Zn | max. ntawm 50 mg / kg |
| Pb | max. ntawm 1 mg / kg |
| C d | max. 0.1 mg / kg |
| Hg | max. 0.03 mg / kg |
| Tag nrho cov phaj suav | max. ntawm 10,000 cfu / g |
| Tag nrho cov sib txawv mesophilic aerobic | max. ntawm 5,000 cfu / g |
| Gel Strength Dej gel (1.5%, 0.2kcl) | > 450g/cm2 |
| As | max. ntawm 1 mg / kg |
| Zn | max. ntawm 50 mg / kg |
| Pb | max. ntawm 1 mg / kg |
| C d | max. 0.1 mg / kg |
| Hg | max. 0.03 mg / kg |
| Tag nrho cov phaj suav | max. ntawm 10,000 cfu / g |
| Tag nrho cov sib txawv mesophilic aerobic | max. ntawm 5,000 cfu / g |
| Gel Strength Dej gel (1.5%, 0.2kcl) | > 450g/cm2 |
